As the settlement was originally port or coastal suburb of Pechina, it was initially known as Mariyyat al-Bajjāna ( Bajjāna being the Arabic name for Pechina). The name "Almería" comes from the city's former Arabic name, Madīnat al-Mariyya, meaning "city of the watchtower". Being adjacent to a small desert, Almería has an exceptionally dry climate by European standards. It enjoyed an active port that traded silk, oil and raisins. The city grew wealthy during the Islamic era, becoming a world city throughout the 11th and 12th centuries. Caliph Abd al-Rahman III founded the city in 955. It lies on southeastern Iberia on the Mediterranean Sea. It is the capital of the province of the same name. Almería ( UK: / ˌ æ l m ə ˈ r iː ə/, US also / ˌ ɑː l-/, Spanish: ) is a city and municipality of Spain, located in Andalusia.
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